About the Stamp The art of this commemorative stamp features images of part of the building and the internal courtyard of CPOR/CMSP, called “Patriarch Courtyard of Independence”, and the bust of the Sculpture called “The Delivery of the Manifesto Paulista”, by the artist Claudio Antonio Callia, conceived and produced in the current year. In the upper left is also the signature of José Bonifácio, one of the protagonists of the manifesto. Computer graphics techniques were used.
Bicentennial of the Manifesto Paulista On December 9, 1821, the texts of the last acts of the Constituent Courts arrived in Rio de Janeiro, which created anarchic and independent provincial governments, but subject to Portugal, determining the return of D. Pedro, as soon as possible, for a trip to the kingdoms of Spain, France and England. Nothing else could maintain the illusion of the continuity of the unified kingdom system. The Courts intended to annul the work of D. João VI, making each Brazilian province a Portuguese province. The Prince Regent even drafted a farewell manifesto to the Brazilians. However, an active campaign was already underway, led by the resistance club, in the home of José Joaquim da Rocha. Faced with this, the Prince changed his attitude. In the provinces, particularly in São Paulo and Minas Gerais, the recolonizing acts produced an identical reaction to the one in Rio de Janeiro. They started to collect signatures for a representation which the Prince was asked to remain in Brazil.
For José Bonifácio, the time has come for big decisions and energetic action so that Brazil would not fall apart. At dawn of December 24, 1821, amid torrential rain, Pedro Dias Pais Leme arrived at the former head office of Fazenda Santana, at that time the residence of José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva and his brother, Councilor Martim Francisco, where the barracks of the São Paulo Military College and Reserve Officers Preparation Center (CPOR/CMSP) are currently located, bringing them a letter from José Joaquim da Rocha, in which the patriots of Rio de Janeiro called them to the fight. José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, Vice President of the Province of São Paulo, showed Pais Leme the just written so called Letter from the Government of São Paulo, also known as Representação Paulista, Deputação Paulista or Manifesto Paulista, addressed to the Prince Regent, reinforcing the need for D. Pedro I to remain in Brazil. Regarding the letter, Octávio Tarquínio de Sousa said: “If the tone is one of violence, it was justified by his indignation and his revolt, and it was necessary for D. Pedro to clearly feel the disposition in which Brazilians were no longer allowed to be dominated by Portugal.” His request to the Prince was almost a threat: “It is impossible that the inhabitants of Brazil who are honorable and pride themselves on being men, and especially those from São Paulo, can ever consent to such absurdities and despotisms. Your highness must stay in Brazil whatever the projects of the Constituent Courts may be. Not only for our general good, but even for the independence and future prosperity of Portugal itself. If Your Highness stand by (which is not believable) the dazzled and indecorous decree of September 19, besides losing before world the dignity of man and prince, becoming the slave of a small number of disorganizers, will also have to answer, before heaven, for the river of blood that will surely flow through Brazil in his absence.” This Manifesto is signed by the President of the Government of São Paulo, João Carlos Augusto Oeynhausen, by José Bonifácio, by Manuel Rodrigues Jordão and approved, at the solemn session of December 24, 1821, by all the members of the Government of São Paulo. According to Pedro Pereira da Silva Costa, Pais Leme, who had come to ask for support from São Paulo, finds another movement in São Paulo, stronger and more decisive.The Manifesto Paulista reached the Prince’s hands in Rio de Janeiro on January 1, 1822. It was immediately disclosed by D. Pedro and ordered to be printed in Gazeta do Rio, on January 8th. In a letter to his father, dated January 2, 1822, D. Pedro wrote: “I will make every effort for the sake of peace, and to see if I can comply with decrees 124 and 125, which seems impossible to me, because the opinion is fully against, everywhere”. This fact was preponderant for the permanence of D. Pedro I in Brazil, which culminated in the episode of Dia do Fico, on January 9, 1822. José Bonifácio arrived in Rio de Janeiro on January 17, being nominated at the age of 60, his Minister and Secretary of State for the Affairs of the Kingdom, the first Brazilian to occupy a similar position, contributing significantly to the Independence of Brazil, on September 7, 1822. As a result of this event, with Ordinance No. 279, of May 17, 2004, the Commander of the Brazilian Army granted it to the São Paulo Reserve Officers Preparation Center (CPOR/SP), located in Bairro de Santana, in the capital of São Paulo, the historical name “CENTRO SOLAR DOS ANDRADAS”. Therefore, nothing more than fair and recognized such tribute to José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, the founder of Brazil-Nation and Patriarch of Independence, for the Bicentennial of the Manifesto Paulista. Reserve Officer Preparation Center and São Paulo Military College (CPOR/CMSP)
Technical Details
Stamp issue N. 12
Sculpture: Claudio A. Callia
Art finishing: CPOR/CMSP Social Communication Section, with guidance from the Plastic Artist Claudio A. Callia
Print system: offset
Paper: gummed chalky paper
Sheet with 12 stamps
Facial value: 1st class rate for domestic mail
Issue: 144,000 stamps
Design area: 39 x 21mm
Stamp dimensions: 44 x 26mm
Perforation: 11 x 11.5
Date of issue: September 8th, 2021
Place of issue: São Paulo/SP
Printing: Brazilian Mint